What is Passover and How is it Celebrated?

Passover (also known as Pesach) is a major Jewish holiday commemorating the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. It is celebrated annually for seven days and nights, beginning on the 15th day of the Hebrew month of Nisan.

Historical Background:

According to the biblical narrative, the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt under Pharaoh Ramses II. Moses, a Hebrew leader, was chosen by God to lead the Israelites out of bondage. After a series of plagues against Egypt, Pharaoh finally agreed to let the Israelites go.

As the Israelites left Egypt, Pharaoh changed his mind and pursued them with his army. The Israelites were trapped at the Red Sea, but God parted the waters, allowing them to escape. However, when the Egyptians attempted to follow, the waters closed in on them, drowning Pharaoh's entire army.

Observances and Traditions:

Passover is observed through a series of rituals and traditions, including:

* Seder Night: The first night of Passover is known as Seder Night. Families gather for a special feast called the Seder, which includes symbolic foods and readings from the Haggadah (a text that retells the story of the Exodus).
* Unleavened Bread (Matzah): During Passover, Jews refrain from eating leavened bread, which symbolizes the haste with which the Israelites left Egypt. Instead, they eat unleavened bread called matzah.
* Bitter Herbs (Maror): Bitter herbs are eaten to symbolize the bitterness of slavery.
* Four Cups of Wine: Four cups of wine are drunk during the Seder to represent the four stages of redemption.
* Reclining at Table: It is customary to recline at the table during the Seder, as if free men and women.
* Prayers and Blessings: Various prayers and blessings are recited throughout Passover, including the Shema, the Amidah, and the Grace after Meals.
* Final Night: The last night of Passover is marked by a festive meal called Havdalah, which separates the holiday from the rest of the year.

Significance:

Passover is a holiday of liberation and freedom. It celebrates the end of slavery and the beginning of a new era for the Israelites. It also serves as a reminder of God's power and protection. For many Jews, Passover is a time for reflection, gratitude, and renewal.